GK SERIES FOR SSC,IAS,PCS,HAS,HCS
AND OTHER COMPETITIVE EXAMS
(HISTORY-12)
JAINISM
·
It
is believed that 24th Tirathankara (path finder) namely Mahavir was the founder of Jainism. He was born at Kundangram near
Vaishali in 540 BC.
·
Father
- 'Siddharth'; mother - 'Trishala'; wife - 'Yashodha' (who was a Lichchavi
princess); daughter - 'PriyaDarshana'.
·
His
first disciple was 'Jamali' who was a Kshtriya and was his son-in-law.
·
He
left his home in search of truth at the age of 30 years and gained knowledge
after 12 years at a place called Jimbakgrama on the banks of river Rijupalika
under a Sal tree.
·
In
Jainism the ultimate knowledge is known as Kaivalya.
·
After
achieving Kaivalya , Mahavir got new names like ‘jina’ which means the
conqueror, Kavelin and Nirgrantha.
·
Buddhist
scriptures call him ‘Nigantha Nagaputa’.
·
Mahavir
Jain died in 468 BC at Pavapuri.
·
Triratnas
of Jainism – Right Faith, Right
knowledge, Right Character.
·
‘Sallekhana’ is a Jain tradition of embracing death through fasting
·
Jainism
is based totally upon non-violence and prohibits its followers from agriculture
and joining army. Hence, Jainism promoted trade and commerce and many people
engaged in trade and commerce embraced Jainism.
·
Jainism
believes in reincarnation.
·
Many
rulers embraced Jainism among which the most famous are Rashtrakuta rulers and
Chandra Gupta Maurya.
·
Mathura
and Ujjain emerged as important centres of Jainism.
·
Jainism
was divided into two sects namely Svetambars
(under Sthalbahu) who wear white clothes and stayed in Magdha and Digambars (under Badrabahu) who decided
to leave Magadha and went to Karnataka.
·
ChandraGupta
Maurya embraced Jainnism under Badrabahu.
·
Rishabhdeva was the first Tirathankara of Jainism.
·
The
religious texts of Jainism are known as ‘Agamas’.
·
‘Paryushan’ is the famous festival of Jainism.
·
The
symbol of the religion is ‘swastika’.
·
Four
truths of Jainism - Ahimsa, Satya, Aparigraha (non-possessiveness) and Asteya (non-stealing).
These truths were given by the Parshvanatha (23rd Tirathankara).
